2025 FLORICULTURE CAREER DEVELOPMENT EVENT

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following levels of classification are used in the binomial nomenclature of plants (e.g., Nepeta cataria)? 
A.  Cultivar and genus
B.  Family and genus
C.  Species and cultivar
D.  Genus and species
ANS: D
 
2. What is the main function of root hairs on plant roots?
A. To grow into larger roots.
B. To absorb water and minerals from the soil.
C. To protect the root as it pushes through the soil.
D. To keep the root warm.
ANS: B

3. Which of the following lists the four main things that soil provides for plant growth?
A. A place for roots to anchor, food storage, air, and moisture
B. A place for roots to anchor, oxygen, water, and nutrients
C. Nitrogen, phosphorus, photosynthesis, and minor elements
D. All of the above
ANS: B
 
4. Allelopathy is a natural phenomenon in which:
A. Bright light produces disease symptoms in plants.
B. Two plants grow better when planted close to one another.
C. One plant secretes chemicals that inhibit root growth or seed germination of other seeds.
D. Plants grow toward sunlight.
ANS: C

5. Flowers that are grown from bulbs include:
A. Zinnias, Hyacinths, and Petunias.
B. Tulips, Marigolds, and Begonias.
C. Hyacinths, Tulips, and Daffodils.
D. Gladiolus, Tulips, and Daffodils. 
ANS: C
 
6. To create the proper scale and visual impact in a floral design, the flowers at the focal point should be in ____________________. 
A. bud stage
B. tight-bud stage
C. full bloom
D. None of the above
ANS: C

7. The height or width of a floral arrangement should be approximately how many times the size of the container? 
A. 2 to 3
B. 3 to 4
C. 1 to 2
D. 1 ½ to 2 
ANS: D

8. Which of the following best describes an inert substrate used in plant growth?
A. A material that increases nutrient availability by releasing organic compounds.
B. A material that is biologically and chemically active, such as soil or peat moss.
C. A material that enhances microbial activity and decomposition.
D. A material that does not contribute or alter plant nutrients. 
ANS: D

9. What is the primary function of Silver Thiosulfate (STS) in the postproduction care of cut flowers? 
A. Blocks the aging effects of ethylene
B. Enhances water uptake in stems
C. Increases chlorophyll production
D.  Acts as a fertilizer to improve flower color
ANS: A
 
10. What is commonly used to help bud-stage flowers open after shipping or storage?
A. Cold storage in sealed containers
B. Soaking in ice water
C. Placement in opening solutions at room temperature
D. Exposure to direct sunlight
ANS: C
 
11. Electrical conductivity (EC) is a key indicator in horticulture because it measures:
A. The pH of the soil or nutrient solution.
B. The moisture content of the soil.
C. The total concentration of dissolved salts and ions in the soil or nutrient solution.
D. The organic matter content in the soil.
ANS: C

12. Air layering is a plant propagation technique where:
A. A section of the stem is cut and immediately planted in a rooting medium.
B. The plant is pollinated to produce seeds for new plants.
C. A wound is created on a stem, and a moist rooting medium is wrapped around the wound to encourage roots to form while the stem is still attached to the parent plant.
D. A piece of root is taken from the parent plant and planted to grow a new plant.
ANS: C

13. The female pistil has 3 parts, including all the following EXCEPT: 
A. Stamen
B. Stigma
C. Style
D. Ovary
ANS: A

14. Which line is best described as a spiral that forms a three-dimensional shape like a cylinder or cone? 
A. Radiating line
B. Helical line
C. Curvilinear line
D. Crescent line
ANS: B

15. Which floral design technique involves encircling a bouquet or container with decorative materials or foliage to create a polished appearance? 
A. Bailing
B. Bundling
C. Clustering
D. Collaring 
ANS: D

16. Which floral design style features parallel stem placements where plant materials are aligned or layered to create the effect of nearly solid horizontal bands, and is also known by the English term “Beecher’s Brook”? 
A. Flemish Design
B. Hogarth Curve
C. Landscape Design
D. Hedgerow Design 
ANS: D

17. When selling sympathy flowers for a funeral with an open casket, which type of casket spray should you recommend? 
A. Full Couch Casket Spray
B. Half Couch Casket Spray
C. Standing Spray
D. Wreath Arrangement 
ANS: B

18. Which historical period (1200–1425) was marked by feudalism, unrest, and minimal use of flowers in design—favoring tall, soaring arrangements with few stems to symbolize dignity, repose, and reaching toward heaven? 
A. Gothic Period
B. Greek Period
C. Persian Period
D. Rococo Period
ANS: A

19. Snapdragons, Delphinium and Stock are considered ______ flowers. 
A. Mass
B. Filler
C. Tropical
D. Line
ANS: D

20. A design that consists of only shades of red is a ________ floral design. 
A. Bright
B.  Triadic
C.  Monochromatic
D. Analogous 
ANS: C

21. Colors that are next to each other on the color wheel are called ______ colors. 
A. analogous
B. triadic
C. complementary
D.  monochromatic 
ANS: A

22. A floral design can have both physical and visual _______. 
A. scale
B. unity
C. balance
D. None of the Above 
ANS: C

23. The visual movement through a design, usually achieved through repetition or gradation. 
A. Path
B.  Line
C.  Focal
D.  Rhythm 
ANS: D

24. Which of the following is an example of a complementary color combination? 
A. Green and Red
B. Blue and Orange
C. Yellow and Purple
D. All of the above 
ANS: D

25. Which of the following is NOT a sign of nitrogen deficiency?    
A. Yellowing of leaves 
B. Chlorosis 
C. Stunted growth 
D. Mottled leaves 
ANS: D

26. The addition of fertilizers to irrigation water is known as _________________________. 
A. Fertigation
B. Aquaponics
C. Hydroponics
D.  soluble 
ANS: A

27. Which of the following is NOT a secondary macronutrient?  
A. Calcium 
B. Magnesium  
C. Iron 
D. Sulfur   
ANS: C

28. Plants that do not produce a seed within a protective structure of a fruit are called a ____________.  
A. Angiosperms
B. gymnosperms
C. genus 
D. phylum
ANS: A