2024 FLORICULTURE CAREER DEVELOPMENT EVENT

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. You are doing a propagation project with stem cuttings in your horticulture class. Your teacher mentions that certain plants in the school greenhouse are patented and that propagation from these plants is prohibited. Why is propagation prohibited?
A. The plant cuttings will not survive if they are removed from the plant.
B. Patented plant propagation can only be done by purchasing licensing agreements or the rights to propagate.
C. Propagation from a patented plant can never be done due to the Plant Patent Act of 1930.
D. Cuttings from a patented plant will not grow as the original plant is growing.  
ANS: B

2. What signal words must be printed on the label of a pesticide classified as Toxicity Category I?
A. Caution
B. Warning
C. Danger skull and crossbones Poison
D. No warning label
ANS: C

3. IPM as a term means:
A. Integral Performance Measure
B. Interval Parts per Million
C. Integrated Pest Management
D. Inlet Positive Machine
ANS: C

4. Which list below contains the principles of floral design?
A. Balance, Proportion, Dominance, Contrast, Rhythm, Harmony, Unity
B. Depth, Radical Symmetry, Emphasis, Axis, Line
C. Contrast, Unity, Scale, Balance, Texture, Fragrance
D. Rhythm, Pattern, Proportion, Harmony, Weight, Stability
ANS: A
 
5. What is the purpose of using glycerin in a floral arrangement?
A. To prevent disease in the floral product
B. To preserve certain foliage to make them more pliable to use in an arrangement
C. To speed up water intake into the stem of the flower to extend the life of flowers
D. To prolong the length of time the flowers will look good in the arrangement
ANS: B

6. The Hogarth Curve arrangement is:
A. A “U” shape arrangement
B. A triangle-shaped arrangement
C. A “S” shape arrangement
D. A “C” shape arrangement 
ANS: C

7. Your teacher is talking about scarifying seeds before sowing them.  Scarification of seeds is for what purpose?
A. Soaking in a fungicide solution for 10 minutes to prevent disease
B. Cutting the seed in half
C. Washing the seed to rid the seed of any contaminants
D. Breaking or softening the seed coat to hasten germination
ANS: D

8. DIF is the mathematical difference between daytime and nighttime temperatures. It can be used to control the heights of certain plants. A positive DIF refers to which of the following?
A. Lower night-time temperature than daytime temperature.
B. Daytime and night-time temperatures are equal.
C. Higher night-time temperatures than daytime temperatures.
D. The temperature stays at a constant temperature for all 24 hours.
ANS: A

9. In your school greenhouse, you notice that the younger leaves of some plants have chlorosis, and the major veins in the leaf remain dark green.  This is a deficiency of which nutrient?
A. Nitrogen
B. Potassium
C. Iron
D. Phosphorus
ANS: C

10. A Dosatron Proportioner is used in greenhouse operations to perform which of the following tasks?
A. Applying fertilizer to greenhouse crops.
B. Applying a granular slow-release fertilizer to greenhouse crops.
C. Adjusting the light intensity in the greenhouse.
D. Increasing the humidity in the greenhouse.
ANS: A

11. What functions does a floral preservative NOT do for a cut flower?
A. Provide sugar.
B. Prevents ethylene gas development.
C. Supply a biocide to kill bacteria, fungi, yeast, and mold.
D. An acidifier to reduce the pH of the water. 
ANS: B

12. The term vernalization with greenhouse crops refers to: 
A. Daylength control to promote plant development. 
B. Exposure to cool temperatures to initiate flower bud development. 
C. Controlling humidity for disease control. 
D. Using fungicides to prevent disease. 
ANS: B

13. In growing greenhouse crops, electrical conductivity or (EC) is often used to measure the amount of ____________ in the growing mediA.
A. pH level
B. Pesticide concentration
C. Growing media
D. Soluble Salts
ANS: D

14. Which of the following answer choices is the correct order for a plant to complete the process of photosynthesis?
A. O2 combined with H2O and C6H12O6 is then converted by light. 
B. Chlorophyll combined with O2 and H2O is then converted by light.
C. CO2 combined with H2O is then converted by light, which chlorophyll captures. 
D. CO2 combined with H2O is then converted by darkness, which chlorophyll captures. 
ANS: C
 
15. Greening pins are used in floral work to:
A. Attach corsages or boutonnieres
B. Hold a water tube in place in a design
C. Secure moss or foliage in a design
D. Hold foam in place in a container
ANS: C

16. Cut flowers like gladiolus and snapdragons are geotropiC. This refers to these flowers as:
A. Bending away from the ground or gravity
B. Bending toward light
C. Bending away from light
D. Bending toward the ground
ANS: A

17. The secondary colors on the color wheel are:
A. Red, yellow, blue
B. Orange, green, violet
C. Red, orange, yellow
D. Blue, green, violet
ANS: B

18. A complete greenhouse crop fertilizer contains all three major nutrients or macroelements:
A. Iron, nitrogen, phosphorus
B. Magnesium, sulfur, calcium
C. Boron, manganese, molybdenum
D. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
ANS: D

19. Greenhouse light measurements are measured in______. 
A. Inch-candles
B. Intensity discharge
C. Foot-candles or Lux
D. None of the above
ANS: C

20. What percentage of organic matter is the composition of an ideal soil?  
A. 5%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 10%
ANS: A

21. As much as 90-99% of water that is taken in by ___________ is lost through transpiration.  
A. roots 
B. leaves
C. stems
D. flowers
ANS: A

22. What is the optimal temperature range for storing fresh-cut flowers and foliage, excluding tropical or subtropical varieties? 
A. 33°F – 38°F
B. 41°F – 45°F
C. 30°F –35°F
D. 45°F – 50°F
ANS: A

23. What should the relative humidity of a flower cooler be to reduce water loss through transpiration and desiccation in completed floral designs? 
A. 70%
B. 50% or lower
C. 80% or higher
D. 60%
ANS: A

24. What is the scientific name of “baby’ breath”?  
A. Gypsophila sp
B. Hyacinthus orientalis
C. Leucanthemum x superbum
D. Lillium Sp.
ANS: A

25. Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement regarding Root growth bio-stimulants?
A. Increases the rate of respiration
B. Improves water uptake
C. Increases the number of fibrous roots
D. Improves nutrient uptake
ANS: A

26. Which of the flower choices below would all be considered line flowers?
A. Aster, Daffodils, Bells of Ireland, Peonies
B. Roses, Statice, Carnations, Sunflowers, Roses
C. Baby’s Breath, Liatris, Sunflowers, Roses
D. Liatris, Gladiolus, Snapdragons, Delphinium
ANS: D

27. By definition, a ridge and furrow greenhouse is:
A. A greenhouse built as a stand-alone greenhouse
B. A greenhouse connected along the length of the eave.
C. A greenhouse built as a lean-to greenhouse
D. A greenhouse with an uneven-span design
ANS: B

28. The term used to describe a plant's response to different periods of day and night, affecting its growth and maturity, is: 
A. Photoperiodism
B. Photosynthesis
C. Respiration
D. Assimilation
ANS: A

29. The process whereby nitrogen is lost from the soil to the atmosphere is called:
A. Chlorosis
B. Nitrification
C. Denitrification
D. Leaching
ANS: C

30. The term “forcing” in greenhouse plant production can be best described as
A. Getting a seed to germinate and grow
B. The use of fans to circulate air in a greenhouse
C. Using growth regulators to control plant height
D. Procedures used to produce flowers, vegetables, and fruits out of season.
ANS: D

31. The collection of petals on a flower is referred to as the
A. Sepal
B. Corolla
C. Calyx
D. Pedicel
ANS: B

32. Flowers that have sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are called:
A. Incomplete flower
B. Imperfect flower
C. Complete flower
D. Determinate flower
ANS: C

33. Which of the following is the scientific study of flowers and flowering plants?
A. Pomology
B. Olericulture
C. Floriculture
D. Arboriculture
ANS: C

34. In general, what size hanging basket gets a 3-strand hanger vs a 4-strand hanger?
A. 12" or less needs a 3-strand hanger; 16"+ needs a 4-strand hanger
B. 10" or less needs a 3-strand hanger; 12"+ needs a 4-strand hanger
C. 5" or less needs a 3-strand hanger; 6"+ needs a 4-strand hanger
D. 3" or less need a 3-strand hanger; 4"+ needs a 4-strand hanger
ANS: B

35. What does N-P-K stand for?
A. Nutrient – Purpose - Knowledge
B. Nitrogen - Potassium - Phosphorous
C. Nitrate - Potassium - Phosphate
D. Nitrogen - Phosphorous – Potassium
ANS: D

36. Genius and species are always italicized, and the genius name is often ____________.  
A. written in French
B. capitalized
C. abbreviated
D. written after the species name
ANS: B
 
37. Which of the following plant parts is responsible for producing pollen? 
A. Stamen
B. Filament 
C. Pistol 
D. Anther
ANS: D

38. The following is an example of a body flower:
A. Corsage
B. Floral Necklace
C. Floral Earrings
D. All of the above
ANS: D

39. A Glamellia is a composite flower constructed from florets of what flower that resembles a large Camellia blossom?
A. Camellia
B. Rose
C. Gladiolus
D. Carnation
ANS: C

40. A garland of flowers or foliage strung, bound, or woven together to be worn around the neck or shoulders is called:
A. Lei
B. Necklace
C. Corsage
D. Boutonniere
ANS: A

41. A wedding bouquet in which flowers are arranged to flow downward in a descending line below the main portion of the design is called:
A. Clutch Bouquet
B. Cone Bouquet
C. Cascade Bouquet
D. Hand-Tied Bouquet
ANS: C
 
42. An organization of professional floral designers was established to recognize and promote the art of floral design as a profession. Members of the organization serve as a standard for professionalism and inspire and nurture excellence in the field of floral design. Rigorous acceptance standards must be passed to become a member.
A. American Society of Interior Designers (ASID)
B. American Institute of Floral Designers (AIFD)
C. American Floral Endowment (AFE)
D. American Academy of Floriculture (AAF)
ANS: B

43. A naturally occurring plant hormone, released as a colorless, odorless gas, that stimulates and accelerates the aging or ripening process of plant parts is known as_____________________.
A. ephemeral
B. epigynous
C. ethylene
D. desiccate
ANS: C

44. A small bulb attached to the main bulb, which serves as a means of reproduction for the plant, is known as a 
A. corm.
B. tuber.
C. tunicate bulbs.
D. bulblets.
ANS: D

45. The definition of line is: 
A. The overall, three-dimensional, geometric shape or configuration of an individual component of a floral composition.
B. The area in, around, and between the components of the design, defined by the three-dimensional area occupied by the composition.
C. The vital visual path that directs eye movement through a composition
D. The visual response of the eye to reflected rays of light.
ANS: C

46. Heavy gauge wires bent into a U-shape that are used to pin moss into floral foam are known as 
A. Corsage Pins
B. T-Pins 
C. Greening Pins 
D. Anchor Pins 
ANS: C

47. Which period in Europe, after the Middle Ages, had an increased interest in knowledge and beauty and a new interest in classical art forms?
A. The Renaissance Period
B. Middle Ages
C. Byzantine Period
D. Roman Period
ANS: A

48. Originating in Austria and Germany during the early 1800s, a floral arrangement that is generally compact, rounded, or slightly conical in shape and consists of patterns, especially concentric rings of flowers, is what type of design?
A. Biedermeier Design
B. French Design
C. Victoria Design
D. Phoenix Design
ANS: A